Food Handlers License & Card Requirements by State (2026)

A food handlers card (also called a license, permit, or certificate) shows you've completed basic food safety training. Many states require one within your first days or weeks at a food service job. It typically costs $10–$30 and takes 1–2 hours online.

Independent guide · every state verified against official health department sources · how we verify

Requirements at a glance

Of the 50 states plus Washington, DC: 9 require a food handler card statewide, 9 leave it to individual counties, and the remaining 33 have no government mandate — though employers there can still require training as a job condition.

Food handler requirements at a glance — all states
StateRequired?DeadlineTypical cost
AlabamaRequired in some countiesJefferson County: within 21 days of hire$15–$23
AlaskaRequired statewideWithin 30 days after the date of hire$10
ArizonaRequired in some countiesVaries by county — within 30 days of starting work in Maricopa, Pinal, and Santa Cruz c…$7–$30
ArkansasNot required by law——
CaliforniaRequired statewideWithin 30 days of hire statewide$0–$28
ColoradoNot required by law——
ConnecticutNot required by law——
DelawareNot required by law——
District of ColumbiaNot required by law——
FloridaRequired statewideWithin 60 days of employment$15–$30
GeorgiaNot required by law——
HawaiiNot required by law——
IdahoNot required by law——
IllinoisRequired statewideWithin 30 days of employment$7–$15
IndianaNot required by law——
IowaNot required by law——
KansasNot required by law——
KentuckyRequired in some countiesFayette County publishes no grace period — the card is required to work in food service…$23
LouisianaNot required by law——
MaineNot required by law——
MarylandNot required by law——
MassachusettsNot required by law——
MichiganNot required by law——
MinnesotaNot required by law——
MississippiNot required by law——
MissouriRequired in some countiesVaries by jurisdiction$20–$25
MontanaNot required by law——
NebraskaRequired in some countiesOmaha/Douglas County: within 30 days of employment$0–$20
NevadaRequired in some countiesSet by each health district$25–$40
New HampshireNot required by law——
New JerseyRequired in some countiesNewark: within 30 days of employment$0–$10
New MexicoRequired statewideWithin 30 calendar days of beginning employment$8–$15
New YorkNot required by law——
North CarolinaNot required by law——
North DakotaNot required by law——
OhioNot required by law——
OklahomaRequired in some countiesTulsa County: no published grace period — you must possess a valid THD permit while at…$0–$20
OregonRequired statewideWithin 30 days after the date of hire$5–$10
PennsylvaniaNot required by law——
Rhode IslandNot required by law——
South CarolinaNot required by law——
South DakotaNot required by law——
TennesseeNot required by law——
TexasRequired statewideWithin 30 days of employment$6–$16
UtahRequired statewideTraining certificate within 14 days of hire; Food Handler Permit within 30 days of hire$15–$30
VermontNot required by law——
VirginiaNot required by law——
WashingtonRequired statewideWithin 14 calendar days of starting work$10
West VirginiaRequired in some countiesWithin 30 days of hire, in counties that require the card — that 30-day window is writt…$10–$30
WisconsinNot required by law——
WyomingNot required by law——

How getting a card works

  1. Check your state's rules

    Requirements come from state — and sometimes county — law, so this is the step that decides everything else. Find your state above or use the requirements checker to see whether a card is required, the deadline, and the cost.

  2. Take an approved course

    Most states with a requirement accept any ANAB-accredited course — typically $7–$30 and 1–2 hours online. But Washington only accepts its own state-run course, and Oregon only accepts state-approved ones. What counts as legit online.

  3. Pass the test, keep the certificate

    Courses end with a short multiple-choice test — pass it and you can download your certificate immediately. Give your employer a copy; establishments typically keep proof on file for health inspections.Full step-by-step guide.

Card, license, permit, or certificate — what's the difference?

Nothing, in practice. People search for a "food handlers license," but almost no state issues something called a license to food workers. The official name is usually a food handler card (Texas, California, Oregon), food worker card (Washington), orcertificate (Riverside County calls theirs a Food Handler Certificate). They all mean the same thing: proof you passed a basic food safety course.

The one distinction that matters is between a food handler card(entry-level, for line workers, ~2 hours of training) and food manager certification (a proctored exam for the person in charge, required of at least one person per establishment in most states).

What food handler training covers

Every approved course teaches the same core food safety basics, whichever provider you use:

  • Personal hygiene — proper handwashing, glove use, and when you shouldn't work while sick.
  • Cross-contamination — keeping raw and ready-to-eat foods, surfaces, and utensils separated.
  • Time and temperature control — safe cooking, holding, cooling, and reheating.
  • Cleaning and sanitizing — the difference between the two, and how to do each properly.

The test at the end checks these basics — pass scores are typically 70–80%, and courses generally include retakes if you miss it.

Guides

The general process, explained once — for anything state-specific, use your state's page.

Common questions

How much does a food handlers card cost?

Typically $10–$30. In states with their own programs the fee is often fixed by law — Washington charges a flat $10 and Oregon caps the fee at $10. Where private accredited courses are used (like Texas and most of California), online courses usually run $7–$15. In California, employers must pay the cost since 2024.

How long does food handler training take?

Usually 1–2 hours. Most online courses are self-paced, end with a short multiple-choice test, and let you download your certificate immediately after passing.

Can I get a food handlers card online?

In most states with a requirement, yes — online courses are the normal route. But some states only accept specific courses: Washington only accepts its own state-run course, and Oregon only accepts courses approved by the Oregon Health Authority. Check your state page before paying for anything.

Do food handlers cards expire?

Yes. Validity is commonly 2–3 years depending on the state (for example, Texas cards last 2 years, California and Oregon cards last 3). Renewal almost always means simply retaking an approved course.

Is a food handlers license the same as a food handlers card?

Yes — "license," "card," "permit," and "certificate" all usually refer to the same basic food safety credential for food service workers. Most states officially call it a card or certificate. A food manager certification is a different, more advanced credential.

Every requirements page on this site shows the date it was last verified and links to the official government sources behind it. Spot something outdated? Tell us and we'll fix it.